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Homeless Education

The federal McKinney-Vento Act ensures that children and youth who lack permanent housing, and live in inadequate or temporary settings, have the right to attend school. These students are considered homeless under McKinney-Vento and are entitled to special educational rights and protections.

Homeless Education Rights

The McKinney-Vento Act is crucial in ensuring that all children and youth experiencing homelessness can attend school and succeed academically. The McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act, particularly the Education for Homeless Children and Youth (EHCY) Program, plays a vital role in advocating for the educational rights of these students. Since its reauthorization in December 2015 under the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA), it has further strengthened the support systems in place.

Definition - children and youth who lack a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence, including children and youth:

  • Doubled up with relatives or friends
  • In cars, parks, public places, bus/train stations, or abandoned buildings
  • In emergency or transitional shelters
  • In motels, hotels, or campgrounds
  • Migratory children or youth living in these conditions

These students meet the McKinney-Vento definition of homelessness and have special educational rights to ensure they receive equal access to education.

Unaccompanied Youth  – “Not in the physical custody of a parent or guardian”; in practical terms, this means the youth does not live with the parent or guardian. Runaways are considered to be homeless.

There is a 2-step process for determining if a youth is an UHY (unaccompanied homeless youth):

  1. Does the student’s living arrangement meet the McKinney-Vento’s definition of homeless?
  2. Once homelessness is determined, is the student unaccompanied?

What You Can Do Before Moving: 

  • Let school officials know if you want your child to stay in their school of origin until your family is stable.
  • Notify your child’s teacher and principal about the move and provide the new address.
  • Request a copy of your child's school records, including immunizations.

Project HOPE - Virginia Education for Homeless Children and Youth
Project Hope - What Families Need to Know Brochure
Project Hope - What Families Need to Know Flyer

For more information and resources, visit Project Hope - Virginia, the state program for educating homeless children and youth, managed by the College of William & Mary for the Virginia Department of Education. You can also contact Sheree Walker at (434) 799-6400 ext 937.